Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine
The war that turns the Black Sea into a combat zone begins. The same day Russian warships attack Snake Island.
Active· since 24 February 2022
War in Ukraine
The full-scale war began on 24 February 2022 with the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian armed forces. Flank shows the figures of the parties, of the UN and of independent projects separately, each with its basis.
Sides
- Russia
- Ukraine
- day of the war
- 1,715
- Started
- 24 February 2022
- last update
- 26 October 2026
Latest developments
Reports of GPS interference from the southern Baltic Sea through Lithuania, eastern Poland, Romania and Bulgaria
The report describes navigation interference from the Baltic to the Black Sea. There is no independent confirmation, and the dates of the alleged event.
Drone entered Moldova from Ukraine
News.ro and Digi24, citing deschide.md and NewsMaker.md, report that a drone entered Moldovan airspace from the direction of Odesa region at 04:23 on Wednesday morning. Both outlets cite the same Moldovan publications, and there is as yet no independent confirmation of the flight.
Ukraine’s defence ministry reports Geran-4 and Geran-5 interceptions by robotic mounts
Ukraine reports combat results from robotic mounts against drones and is preparing joint command and control for different air defence systems. The specific interceptions have not been independently confirmed.
Romania scrambles two F-16s over aerial target near Ukrainian border
According to Romania’s Ministry of Defence, the target was detected over Ukrainian territory, with no incursion into Romania recorded. Residents in northern Tulcea County were warned of a possible drone threat.
President and prime minister in step: what Yotova’s win means for defence and the Black Sea
Iliana Yotova won the runoff with 57.6%, and for the first time in years Bulgaria's head of state and prime minister will pursue one foreign and defence policy. The vote came amid ships sunk in Bulgaria's economic zone, a dispute over a donation from a company bearing the name of a Ukrainian drone maker, and protests outside the Presidency. What is established and what remains a claim.
The Khoryv partially sank off Shabla
On 29 October 2026, the Khoryv, which had been drifting in Bulgarian waters, partially sank off Shabla. bTV reported, citing the Ministry of Defence, that the vessel was half-submerged; other reports said its stern had settled on the seabed east of Tyulenovo and Cape Shabla.
Russia reports strikes on energy sites, ports and two cargo ships in Ukraine
Overnight into 3 November, Russian forces struck energy facilities and port infrastructure in Ukraine, Russia’s Defence Ministry said. It also said two dry-cargo ships were hit "at the port of Yuzhny (Pivdennyi) and in the Black Sea", without saying which ship was where; Interfax reported the statement. Ukrainian officials confirm strikes on energy facilities, but not the hits on the ships.
Reports of GPS interference from the southern Baltic Sea through Lithuania, eastern Poland, Romania and Bulgaria
The report describes navigation interference from the Baltic to the Black Sea. There is no independent confirmation, and the dates of the alleged event.
Drone entered Moldova from Ukraine
News.ro and Digi24, citing deschide.md and NewsMaker.md, report that a drone entered Moldovan airspace from the direction of Odesa region at 04:23 on Wednesday morning. Both outlets cite the same Moldovan publications, and there is as yet no independent confirmation of the flight.
Ukraine’s defence ministry reports Geran-4 and Geran-5 interceptions by robotic mounts
Ukraine reports combat results from robotic mounts against drones and is preparing joint command and control for different air defence systems. The specific interceptions have not been independently confirmed.
Sides and countries
- Country profile →
Side A · Belligerent
Russia
The cost of the war
0
Deaths identified by name · Russia
Russian service members killed in the war, identified by name by Mediazona and BBC Russian (obituaries, relatives' posts, local media, state registries). A minimum — not the total number of deaths.
- Country profile →
Side B · Belligerent
Ukraine
The cost of the war
0
Deaths identified by name · Ukraine
Ukrainian service members killed since 24 February 2022, identified by name by the independent project UALosses (obituaries, local authorities and media, relatives' posts). A minimum — not the total number of deaths. The missing and prisoners are counted separately and are not included.
Theatres: Eastern Europe, Black Sea
Human cost
Civilian casualties verified case by case — a verified minimum; the actual numbers are higher.
Civilian casualties since 24.02.2022 — UN monitoring mission (HRMMU)
Civilians killed and injured in Ukraine since 24 February 2022, verified by the UN — cumulative. A verified minimum: the actual number is considerably higher.
Verified minimum
- Civilians killed
- 17,605
- Civilians injured
- 55,846
- Children killed
- 850
- Children injured
- 3,373
Civilian casualties — UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission (HRMMU)
Civilians killed and injured in Ukraine in the month, verified by the UN. A verified minimum — the actual numbers are higher.
Verified minimum
- Civilians killed
- 328
- Civilians injured
- 2,105
- Children killed
- 17
- Children injured
- 166
Military loss claims
Claims by the parties are not independently verified. Independent counts are minimums identified by name.
Ukraine on Russia's losses
Russian losses as reported by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, published by the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. A claim by a party to the war, not independently verified. "Personnel" includes killed and wounded.
Claim by a belligerent
Personnel
≈ 1,570,540
- 12,436
- 25,586
- 51,403
- 2,228
All categories (15)
| Metric | Value | Daily | 7 days | 30 days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personnel | ≈ 1,570,540 | +1,820 | +13,190 | +50,890 |
| Tanks | 12,436 | +11 | +22 | +75 |
| Armoured combat vehicles | 25,586 | +16 | +51 | +221 |
| Artillery systems | 51,403 | +44 | +208 | +1,261 |
| MLRS | 2,228 | +1 | +16 | +79 |
| Air defence systems | 1,716 | +2 | +12 | +54 |
| Aircraft | 449 | ±0 | +6 | +7 |
| Helicopters | 356 | ±0 | ±0 | ±0 |
| UAVs | 573,392 | +1,820 | +9,803 | +45,699 |
| Cruise missiles | 5,138 | ±0 | +12 | +27 |
| Ships and boats | 35 | ±0 | ±0 | ±0 |
| Submarines | 2 | ±0 | ±0 | ±0 |
| Vehicles and fuel tanks | 165,278 | +407 | +2,489 | +13,417 |
| Special equipment | 4,844 | +2 | +16 | +115 |
| Unmanned ground vehicles | 2,990 | +4 | +39 | +278 |
- Personnel≈ 1,570,540
- Tanks12,436
- Armoured combat vehicles25,586
- Artillery systems51,403
- MLRS2,228
- Air defence systems1,716
- Aircraft449
- Helicopters356
- UAVs573,392
- Cruise missiles5,138
- Ships and boats35
- Submarines2
- Vehicles and fuel tanks165,278
- Special equipment4,844
- Unmanned ground vehicles2,990
Russia on Ukraine's losses
Ukrainian losses as reported by the Ministry of Defence of Russia. A claim by a party to the war, not independently verified.
Claim by a belligerent
Personnel
≈ 1,000,000
- 674
- 284
- 266,887
- 672
All categories (9)
| Metric | Value | Daily | 7 days | 30 days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personnel | ≈ 1,000,000 | — | — | — |
| Aircraft | 674 | ±0 | ±0 | — |
| Helicopters | 284 | ±0 | ±0 | — |
| UAVs | 266,887 | +7,713 | +7,713 | — |
| Air defence systems | 672 | ±0 | ±0 | — |
| Armoured combat vehicles | 31,332 | +142 | +142 | — |
| MLRS | 1,792 | +6 | +6 | — |
| Artillery systems | 36,772 | +81 | +81 | — |
| Vehicles and fuel tanks | 75,164 | +934 | +934 | — |
- Personnel≈ 1,000,000
- Aircraft674
- Helicopters284
- UAVs266,887
- Air defence systems672
- Armoured combat vehicles31,332
- MLRS1,792
- Artillery systems36,772
- Vehicles and fuel tanks75,164
Independent counts
Separate from the parties' claims: cases identified by name, with their methodology and limitations. Not comparable line by line with official figures.
Russian military deaths identified by name — Mediazona and BBC Russian
Russian service members killed in the war, identified by name by Mediazona and BBC Russian (obituaries, relatives' posts, local media, state registries). A minimum — not the total number of deaths.
Independent count
Deaths identified by name
258,989
Limitations: The latest months are the most incomplete and are filled in with a delay.
Since 24.02.2022, cumulative, updated about every two weeks.
Ukrainian military deaths identified by name — UALosses
Ukrainian service members killed since 24 February 2022, identified by name by the independent project UALosses (obituaries, local authorities and media, relatives' posts). A minimum — not the total number of deaths. The missing and prisoners are counted separately and are not included.
Independent count
Deaths identified by name
94,301
Methodology: Only deaths with a name and a source are counted, including non-combat deaths. The figure is from the project's Statistics page ("Killed" for post-February 2022 records); the total in the site header also includes 2014–2021.
Limitations: Anonymous volunteers; data for large cities, Transcarpathia, the east and the south are scarce. The latest months are filled in with a delay.
Since 24.02.2022, cumulative. The project has not been updated since 21.06.2026.
Analysts' estimates
Estimates by think tanks and intelligence services — not counts and not official figures. Shown as ranges, as published, and never added to other figures.
Ukrainian military losses — CSIS estimate
Ukrainian military killed and total military casualties (killed, wounded, missing) since 24 February 2022, as estimated by the US think tank CSIS. An estimate — not a count and not an official figure.
Analytical estimate
Military killed
≈ 150,000
Estimate: 125,000 – 150,000
Military casualties (killed, wounded, missing)
≈ 625,000
Estimate: 525,000 – 625,000
Methodology: CSIS estimate (Seth G. Jones, Riley McCabe) based on open sources and interviews with US and European officials. "Military casualties" as CSIS defines them — killed, wounded and missing. Values are ranges as published.
Limitations: An estimate, not a count: the method and assumptions are not fully published. The June 2025 brief counted casualties as killed and wounded (no missing) and is not included.
Cumulative since 24.02.2022; with each new CSIS brief.
Russian military losses — CSIS estimate
Russian military killed and total military casualties (killed, wounded, missing) since 24 February 2022, as estimated by the US think tank CSIS. An estimate — not a count and not an official figure.
Analytical estimate
Military killed
≈ 450,000
Estimate: 400,000 – 450,000
Military casualties (killed, wounded, missing)
≈ 1,400,000
Methodology: CSIS estimate (Seth G. Jones, Riley McCabe) based on open sources and interviews with US and European officials. "Military casualties" as CSIS defines them — killed, wounded and missing. Values are ranges as published.
Limitations: An estimate, not a count: the method and assumptions are not fully published. The June 2025 brief counted casualties as killed and wounded (no missing) and is not included.
Cumulative since 24.02.2022; with each new CSIS brief.
Key events
Start of hostilities
Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine
The war that turns the Black Sea into a combat zone begins. The same day Russian warships attack Snake Island.
Russia, Ukraine· Black Sea, Eastern EuropePolitical decision
Türkiye closes the Straits to warships
Türkiye applies the Montreux Convention and bars warships of the warring parties, except those returning to base.
Türkiye· Black SeaNaval action
The cruiser Moskva sinks
The flagship of Russia's Black Sea Fleet sinks after a strike Ukraine says was made with Neptune missiles.
Russia, Ukraine· Black SeaDiplomacy
The Black Sea Grain Initiative
An agreement for the safe export of grain from Ukrainian ports is signed in Istanbul.
Ukraine, Russia, Türkiye· Black SeaPolitical decision
Russia quits the grain deal
The agreement lapses; strikes on the ports of Odesa and the Danube follow.
Russia, Ukraine· Black SeaOther
First ship through Ukraine's corridor
A merchant ship leaves Odesa through the temporary corridor along the coasts of Romania and Bulgaria.
Ukraine· Black Sea
The battlefield
Theatre: Black Sea
Aviation losses
Aircraft lost or damaged in the war, by operator and kind. Fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and UAVs are separate; documented losses, official claims and estimates are never added together.
Losses of Russia
Fixed-wing aircraft
- 125
- 14
- 3
Helicopter
- 125
- 12
- 2
Unmanned aerial vehicle
- 15
| Kind | Independently documentedoperator acknowledgement or independent sources | Official claimsnot independently verified | Unconfirmed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed-wing aircraft | 125 | 14 | 3 |
| Helicopter | 125 | 12 | 2 |
| Unmanned aerial vehicle | 15 | — | — |
Losses of Ukraine
Fixed-wing aircraft
- 105
- 13
- 2
Helicopter
- 40
- 1
Unmanned aerial vehicle
- 49
- 4
- 8
| Kind | Independently documentedoperator acknowledgement or independent sources | Official claimsnot independently verified | Unconfirmed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed-wing aircraft | 105 | 13 | 2 |
| Helicopter | 40 | — | 1 |
| Unmanned aerial vehicle | 49 | 4 | 8 |
Conflict timeline
Incidents
View all (605)Incidents of the war — editorial and historical records, each on the map only as precisely as the sources allow.
Infrastructure incidentUkraine
Russia reports strikes on energy sites, ports and two cargo ships in Ukraine
LiberiaShip attackSaint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and NevisSaint Kitts and Nevis-flagged ship Royad Mammadov probably sunk in the Black Sea
Military aircraft incidentRussia
Ukrainian MiG-29 shot down by a Russian missile, Captain Marat Mambetov killed
Military aircraft incidentRussia
Ukrainian drone strike on Sochi airport destroys a Ka-52 and a Mi-28
Ship attackDominican Republic
Dominican RepublicDominican Republic-flagged cargo ship Progress IV probably sunk in the Black Sea
Military aircraft incidentUkraine
Ukrainian MiG-29 catches fire on launching a missile and crashes in Odesa Oblast; pilot ejects
Guinea-Bissau
Isle of ManShip attackMarshall Islands
Marshall IslandsMarshall Islands-flagged tanker Nissos Sifnos damaged at the CPC terminal near Novorossiysk
PanamaMilitary aircraft incidentUkraine
Ukrainian F-16 crashes while intercepting aerial targets; pilot ejects
Publications
Sources
Figures come from the sources shown, with their basis. Claims by the parties are not independently verified.
What the labels mean
- Verified minimum
- every case confirmed; the actual number is higher.
- Primary source
- the document of the organisation that produces the figures.
- Claim by a belligerent
- not independently verified.
- Independent count
- cases identified by name; a minimum, not a total.
- Secondary report
- an outlet reporting an independent project's figures.
- Analytical estimate
- a range from a think tank or intelligence service based on open and unpublished data; not a count.
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