Five Nordic countries begin work on joint defence agreement

On 12 November 2026 in Oslo, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Iceland announced that they were beginning work on a joint defence agreement. Their stated aim is to strengthen NATO’s deterrence and defence capabilities. Norwegian Defence Minister Tore Sandvik told a joint press conference in Oslo that the agreement would allow the countries to work more closely together and strengthen their ability to deter threats and defend themselves both within the region and beyond it.

This is a developing story and further information may be added.

Moving forces and equipment across borders is a key challenge

The allies identified the need to align the laws and rules governing the movement of forces and equipment across borders as a challenge.

Sandvik said NATO forces must be able to move freely between countries, supplies must reach where they are needed, and military contingents must be able to fight together.

The stated priority covers three connected tasks: crossing borders, supplying forces and operating together. In Flank’s assessment, the practical value of the future agreement will depend on whether these intentions are translated into workable procedures tested through exercises. The start of negotiations does not in itself mean greater military readiness.

The agreement is intended to contribute to NATO’s defence

The initiative is presented as a contribution to NATO’s defence, rather than an alternative to the alliance. All five countries are NATO members. According to Armymedia.bg, Finland and Sweden joined NATO in 2023 and 2024 respectively. Since then, they have been working to improve coordination through joint military and civilian exercises.

Sandvik said the future agreement would enable closer cooperation and improve deterrence and defence capabilities both within the region and beyond it. This is the agreement’s stated aim, not a reported outcome.

Timelines and specific commitments have yet to be clarified

The announcement marks the start of work, not a signed agreement already in force. The timelines, scope and specific commitments of the participants have yet to be clarified, including whether there will be joint command arrangements, financial obligations or joint procurement. Further information may be added when the official text is published.